ht31 peptide st-Ht31, a membrane-permeable peptide inhibitor of PKA anchoring - huberman-peptides Ht31(493 ± 515 The Role of the Ht31 Peptide in Protein Kinase A Anchoring and Beyond

https:-www-peptide-ltd-product-aod-9604- The Ht31 peptide is a significant research tool that acts as an inhibitor of Protein Kinase A (PKA) anchoring.Semisynthesis of Ht31(493 ± 515) - Chemistry Europe This peptide, particularly its modified form, st-Ht31, has been instrumental in understanding the spatial regulation of PKA activity within cells. By disrupting the interaction between PKA's regulatory subunits (RII) and A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), the Ht31 peptide allows researchers to investigate the physiological consequences of localized PKA signaling. Studies utilizing the Ht31 peptide have illuminated its involvement in various cellular processes, including inflammatory pain modulation and foam cell formation.

Understanding PKA Anchoring and the Ht31 Peptide

Protein Kinase A (PKA) is a crucial enzyme involved in a vast array of cellular signaling pathways. Its activity is tightly controlled not only by the levels of its catalytic and regulatory subunits but also by its precise localization within the cell. This localization is achieved through AKAPs, a diverse family of proteins that serve as scaffolds, tethering PKA to specific subcellular compartments. This compartmentalization ensures that PKA can efficiently phosphorylate its substrates in a spatially and temporally regulated manner, thereby fine-tuning cellular responses.AKAPs competing peptide HT31 disrupts the inhibitory ...

The Ht31 peptide, derived from the amphipathic helix domain of AKAPs, functions as a competitive inhibitor of this PKA-AKAP interaction.作者：WT Wang·2015·被引用次数：17—The present study interfered with AKAPs/PKA interaction by introducing stearatedHt31 peptide(St-Ht31) into spinal dorsal horn neurons. It binds to the RII subunit of PKA, preventing it from associating with its cognate AKAPSemisynthesis of Ht31(493 ± 515) - Chemistry Europe. This effectively releases PKA from its anchored location, increasing its availability in the cytosol and potentially altering its access to downstream targets作者：WT Wang·2015·被引用次数：17—St-Ht31 peptide inhibited CFA-induced inflammatory pain. •. St-Ht31 suppressed the amplitudes of NMDAR-EPSCs in inflamed mice. •.. The stearated and cell-permeable version, st-Ht31, has proven particularly valuable for *in vivo* and cell-based studies, as it can readily enter cells and exert its inhibitory effects.

Applications and Research Findings with Ht31 Peptide

The ability of the Ht31 peptide to disrupt PKA anchoring has opened avenues for exploring its role in various physiological and pathological conditions作者：V Cerovský·2000·被引用次数：11—[5, 6] TheHt31(493 ± 515) peptide synthesized was further used in biological studies that provided new insights into the PKA-mediated regulation of a chloride..

* Inflammatory Pain Modulation: Research has demonstrated that the Ht31 peptide can inhibit inflammatory painZeta Inhibitory Peptide attenuates learning and memory by inducing .... By blocking the interaction between AKAPs and PKA in spinal dorsal horn neurons, st-Ht31 has been shown to interfere with NMDA receptor-mediated nociceptive transmission. This suggests that PKA anchoring plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of inflammatory pain, and that targeting this interaction could be a therapeutic strategyCorrections.

* Metabolic Health and Foam Cell Formation: Studies have indicated that the Ht31 peptide can reverse foam cell formation in macrophages, a process implicated in atherosclerosis. By influencing PKA localization, the peptide appears to restore the metabolic health of these cells, offering insights into potential interventions for metabolic disorders.

* Neuronal Signaling: The Ht31 peptide has also been employed to investigate the impact of PKA localization on synaptic plasticity and neuronal function. For instance, microinjection of st-Ht31 peptide has been shown to reduce postsynaptic density (PSD) content of PKA and surface expression of GluR1, suggesting a role for anchored PKA in synaptic structure and function.

* RhoA Activation: Furthermore, the Ht31 peptide has been shown to disrupt the inhibitory effect of PKA on RhoA activationDesigning isoform-specific peptide disruptors of protein .... This indicates that AKAP-mediated targeting of PKA is involved in regulating cellular processes controlled by RhoA, such as cytoskeletal organization and cell motility.

Variations and Considerations

While the Ht31 peptide and its stearated counterpart, st-Ht31, are widely used, it's important to note variations and specific applications.作者：WT Wang·2015·被引用次数：17—St-Ht31 peptide inhibited CFA-induced inflammatory pain. •. St-Ht31 suppressed the amplitudes of NMDAR-EPSCs in inflamed mice. •. For instance, the st-Ht31 ammonium salt is another form that is membrane-permeable and has been used to study cholesterol and phospholipid efflux. The peptide itself is often described as having an amphipathic helix motif. For research purposes, specific versions like the InCELLect AKAP St-Ht31 Inhibitor Peptide are available, derived from human thyroid AKAP.

The Ht31 peptide is generally considered a research-grade compound and is not intended for direct use in patients. Its utility lies in its ability to dissect the complex roles of PKA anchoring in cellular signaling, providing fundamental insights that may eventually translate into therapeutic strategies for a range of conditions.